{"id":3419,"date":"2013-12-31T16:04:25","date_gmt":"2013-12-31T16:04:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mahkamaty.com\/?p=3419"},"modified":"2013-12-31T16:04:25","modified_gmt":"2013-12-31T16:04:25","slug":"marque-deposee-nom-de-domaine-internet-concurrence-deloyale-contrefacon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mahkamaty.com\/blog\/2013\/12\/31\/marque-deposee-nom-de-domaine-internet-concurrence-deloyale-contrefacon\/","title":{"rendered":"– marque d\u00e9pos\u00e9e – nom de domaine internet – concurrence d\u00e9loyale – contrefa\u00e7on"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"cassation<\/a><\/p>\n

principe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

la cour ayant retenu\u00a0, par motifs propres et adopt\u00e9s, que la marque litigieux ne d\u00e9signait pas des produits et services identiques \u00e0 ceux propos\u00e9s par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 demandeur, la cour d\u2019appel, qui n\u2019avait pas \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des arguments fond\u00e9s sur une \u00e9ventuelle activit\u00e9 de filiales de cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9, a l\u00e9galement justifi\u00e9 sa d\u00e9cision\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

un nom de domaine ne peut contrefaire par reproduction ou par imitation une marque ant\u00e9rieure, peu important que celle-ci soit d\u00e9pos\u00e9e \u00a0pour d\u00e9signer des services de communication t\u00e9l\u00e9matique, que si les produits et services offerts sur ce site sont soit identiques, soit similaires \u00e0 ceux vis\u00e9s dans l\u2019enregistrement de la marque et de nature \u00e0 entra\u00eener un risque de confusion dans l\u2019esprit du public\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Attendu que pour dire que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 x en d\u00e9posant le nom de domaine \u201clocatour.com\u201d a port\u00e9 atteinte au nom de domaine \u201clocatour.fr\u201d d\u00e9pos\u00e9 par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Y \u00a0l\u2019arr\u00eat retient que le simple enregistrement en \u201c.com\u201d d\u2019un nom de domaine pr\u00e9alablement enregistr\u00e9 en \u201c.fr\u201d constitue une atteinte aux droits du titulaire sur ce nom de domaine\u00a0, sans rechercher si les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s en litige exer\u00e7aient des activit\u00e9s identiques ou concurrentes et s\u2019il en r\u00e9sultait un risque de confusion, la cour d\u2019appel n\u2019a pas donn\u00e9 de base l\u00e9gale \u00e0 sa d\u00e9cision\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

04-10.143
\nArr\u00eat n\u00b0\u00a01672 du\u00a013 d\u00e9cembre 2005
\nCour de cassation – Chambre commerciale<\/h1>\n

1\u00b0) MARQUE DE FABRIQUE 2\u00b0) CONCURRENCE D\u00c9LOYALE OU ILLICITE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Cassation partielle<\/h3>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

Demandeur(s) \u00e0 la cassation\u00a0: soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar SA
\nD\u00e9fendeur(s) \u00e0 la cassation\u00a0: soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne compagnie parisienne du tourisme SA<\/i><\/p>\n

\n

Statuant tant sur le pourvoi principal form\u00e9 par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar que sur le pourvoi incident relev\u00e9 par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne, compagnie parisienne de tourisme\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Attendu, selon l\u2019arr\u00eat partiellement confirmatif d\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9, que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 le Tourisme moderne, compagnie parisienne du tourisme (Le Tourisme moderne), qui a pour activit\u00e9 l\u2019organisation et la vente de voyages et s\u00e9jours, est titulaire des marques suivantes r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement renouvel\u00e9es, la marque \u201cLocatour\u201d, d\u00e9pos\u00e9e le 30 septembre 1981, enregistr\u00e9e sous le n\u00b0\u00a01 695 462 pour d\u00e9signer les produits et services en classes 36, 39, 41 et 42, notamment \u201cagences de voyages, organisation de vacances, r\u00e9servations de chambres d\u2019h\u00f4tel, divertissements, location d\u2019appartements de villas et de v\u00e9hicules\u201d et la marque \u201cLocatour\u201d , d\u00e9pos\u00e9e le 22 avril 1992, enregistr\u00e9e sous le n\u00b0\u00a092 415 963, pour d\u00e9signer en classe 38 des \u201cservices de communication t\u00e9l\u00e9matique\u201d\u00a0; qu\u2019elle est en outre titulaire d\u2019un site internet \u00e0 l\u2019adresse \u201clocatour.fr\u201d\u00a0; que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar, sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans l\u2019acquisition, gestion, contr\u00f4le, cession de portefeuille de participation, prise de participation dans toutes soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, a enregistr\u00e9, le 10 septembre 1999, le nom de domaine \u201clocatour.com\u201d\u00a0; qu\u2019apr\u00e8s constat et mise en demeure, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne a fait assigner la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar en contrefa\u00e7on de marque et en concurrence d\u00e9loyale\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Sur le pourvoi incident\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Attendu que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne fait grief \u00e0 l\u2019arr\u00eat d\u2019avoir rejet\u00e9 sa demande en contrefa\u00e7on de la marque Locatour enregistr\u00e9e sous le n\u00b0\u00a01 695 462, alors, selon le moyen, qu\u2019en se bornant \u00e0 affirmer que cette marque ne d\u00e9signait pas des produits et services identiques \u00e0 ceux propos\u00e9s par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar, sans rechercher, ainsi qu\u2019elle y \u00e9tait invit\u00e9e, si l\u2019identit\u00e9 des services vis\u00e9s par le signe locatour.com et des services d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par la marque Locatour n\u00b0\u00a01 695 462 ne r\u00e9sultait pas de ce que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar \u00e9tait une holding financi\u00e8re dont le site web, s\u2019il \u00e9tait activ\u00e9, pr\u00e9senterait les services offerts par les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s op\u00e9rationnelles du groupe Soficar, dont certaines avaient pour activit\u00e9 la location de v\u00e9hicules automobiles ou de biens immobiliers, la cour d\u2019appel a priv\u00e9 sa d\u00e9cision de base l\u00e9gale au regard de l\u2019article L. 713-2 du Code de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Mais attendu qu\u2019ayant retenu, par motifs propres et adopt\u00e9s, que la marque Locatour n\u00b0\u00a01 695 462 ne d\u00e9signait pas des produits et services identiques \u00e0 ceux propos\u00e9s par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar, la cour d\u2019appel, qui n\u2019avait pas \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des arguments fond\u00e9s sur une \u00e9ventuelle activit\u00e9 de filiales de cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9, a l\u00e9galement justifi\u00e9 sa d\u00e9cision\u00a0; que le moyen n\u2019est pas fond\u00e9\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Mais sur le premier moyen du pourvoi principal\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vu les articles L. 713-1, L. 713-2 et L. 713-3 du Code de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Attendu qu\u2019un nom de domaine ne peut contrefaire par reproduction ou par imitation une marque ant\u00e9rieure, peu important que celle-ci soit d\u00e9pos\u00e9e en classe 38, pour d\u00e9signer des services de communication t\u00e9l\u00e9matique, que si les produits et services offerts sur ce site sont soit identiques, soit similaires \u00e0 ceux vis\u00e9s dans l\u2019enregistrement de la marque et de nature \u00e0 entra\u00eener un risque de confusion dans l\u2019esprit du public\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Attendu que pour dire que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar, en enregistrant la d\u00e9nomination \u201clocatour.com\u201d avait contrefait par reproduction la marque Locatour n\u00b0\u00a092 415 963 dont est titulaire la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne, l\u2019arr\u00eat retient que les produits et services vis\u00e9s au d\u00e9p\u00f4t de cette marque en classe 38 \u201cdoivent \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme similaires \u00e0 ceux dans lesquels s\u2019inscrit l\u2019exploitation d\u2019un nom de domaine permettant au moyen d\u2019un support informatique l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux informations mises \u00e0 la disposition du public sur un site internet\u201d, et en d\u00e9duit qu\u2019en raison du risque de confusion qu\u2019elle suscite dans l\u2019esprit du consommateur moyennement attentif, l\u2019adoption de cette d\u00e9nomination constitue la contrefa\u00e7on de la marque Locatour, en ce qu\u2019elle d\u00e9signe les services de communication t\u00e9l\u00e9matique, \u201cpeu important que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar n\u2019ait pas exploit\u00e9 de site actif\u201d\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Attendu qu\u2019en se d\u00e9terminant ainsi, sans rechercher si les produits et services que pouvait offrir sur le site internet la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar \u00e9taient identiques ou similaires \u00e0 ceux vis\u00e9s dans le d\u00e9p\u00f4t de la marque n\u00b0\u00a092 415 962, la cour d\u2019appel n\u2019a pas donn\u00e9 de base l\u00e9gale \u00e0 sa d\u00e9cision\u00a0;
\n
\nEt sur le second moyen du m\u00eame pourvoi\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vu l\u2019article 1382 du Code civil\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Attendu que pour dire que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Soficar, en d\u00e9posant le nom de domaine \u201clocatour.com\u201d a port\u00e9 atteinte au nom de domaine \u201clocatour.fr\u201d d\u00e9pos\u00e9 par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne, l\u2019arr\u00eat retient que le simple enregistrement en \u201c.com\u201d d\u2019un nom de domaine pr\u00e9alablement enregistr\u00e9 en \u201c.fr\u201d constitue une atteinte aux droits du titulaire sur ce nom de domaine\u00a0;<\/p>\n

Attendu qu\u2019en se d\u00e9terminant ainsi, sans rechercher si les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s en litige exer\u00e7aient des activit\u00e9s identiques ou concurrentes et s\u2019il en r\u00e9sultait un risque de confusion, la cour d\u2019appel n\u2019a pas donn\u00e9 de base l\u00e9gale \u00e0 sa d\u00e9cision\u00a0;<\/p>\n

PAR CES MOTIFS\u00a0:<\/strong><\/p>\n

CASSE ET ANNULE, sauf en ce qu\u2019il a rejet\u00e9 la demande en contrefa\u00e7on de la marque Locatour enregistr\u00e9e sous le n\u00b0\u00a01 695 462 d\u00e9pos\u00e9e par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Le Tourisme moderne, l\u2019arr\u00eat rendu le 29 octobre 2003, entre les parties, par la cour d\u2019appel de Paris\u00a0; remet, en cons\u00e9quence, quant \u00e0 ce, la cause et les parties dans l\u2019\u00e9tat o\u00f9 elles se trouvaient avant ledit arr\u00eat et, pour \u00eatre fait droit, les renvoie devant la cour d\u2019appel de Paris, autrement compos\u00e9e\u00a0;<\/p>\n

\n

Pr\u00e9sident\u00a0: M.\u00a0Tricot
\nRapporteur\u00a0: Mme\u00a0Garnier, conseiller
\nAvocat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral\u00a0: M.\u00a0Jobard
\nAvocat(s)\u00a0: la SCP Masse-Dessen et Thouvenin, la SCP Choucroy, Gadiou et Chevallier<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

principe la cour ayant retenu\u00a0, par motifs propres et adopt\u00e9s, que la marque litigieux ne d\u00e9signait pas des produits et services identiques \u00e0 ceux propos\u00e9s par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 demandeur, la cour d\u2019appel, qui n\u2019avait pas \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des arguments fond\u00e9s sur une \u00e9ventuelle activit\u00e9 de filiales de cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9, a l\u00e9galement justifi\u00e9 sa d\u00e9cision\u00a0 … <\/p>\n

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