{"id":6226,"date":"2014-03-30T13:09:52","date_gmt":"2014-03-30T13:09:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mahkamaty.com\/?p=6226"},"modified":"2014-03-30T13:09:52","modified_gmt":"2014-03-30T13:09:52","slug":"louage-douvrage-conditions-suffisantes-cassation-moyen-irrecevable-moyen-nouveau-melange-de-fait-et-de-droit-contrats-et-conventions-clauses-ambigues-interpretation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mahkamaty.com\/blog\/2014\/03\/30\/louage-douvrage-conditions-suffisantes-cassation-moyen-irrecevable-moyen-nouveau-melange-de-fait-et-de-droit-contrats-et-conventions-clauses-ambigues-interpretation\/","title":{"rendered":"LOUAGE D’OUVRAGE-Conditions suffisantes. CASSATION-Moyen irrecevable-Moyen nouveau m\u00e9lang\u00e9 de fait et de droit – CONTRATS ET CONVENTIONS-Clauses ambigu\u00ebs\u2013Interpr\u00e9tation"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u0645<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0115-61\/62 \u00a0 28 f\u00e9vrier 1962 arr\u00eat \u00a03938<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0principe<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1\u00b01\u00b0Le contrat par lequel une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 s\u2019engage \u00e0 r\u00e9parer une voiture automobile moyennant une r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration correspondant seulement au co\u00fbt de la main d\u2019\u0153uvre, est un contrat de louage d\u2019ouvrage comportant pour le locateur une obligation de garantie des vices et des d\u00e9fauts de son ouvrage.<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2\u00b0<\/i>Constitue un moyen nouveau m\u00e9lang\u00e9 de fait et de droit, et comme tel irrecevable, le moyen non invoqu\u00e9 devant les juges du fait, pris devant la Cour supr\u00eame par le locateur d’ouvrage, de ce que ses travaux donnant lieu \u00e0 l\u2019action en garantie exerc\u00e9e contre lui par le ma\u00eet<\/i>re de l\u2019ouvrage, avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s sous la direction de ce dernier.<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3\u00b0<\/i>Les juges du fait appr\u00e9cient librement l\u2019intention des parties et le sens et la port\u00e9e des conventions sur l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation desquelles elles sont <\/i>en d\u00e9saccord. Dans le doute l\u2019obligation s\u2019interpr\u00e8te dans le sens le plus favorable \u00e0 l\u2019oblig\u00e9.<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de Transaction Automobile c\/ Le Chevailier Jacques.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Rejet du pourvoi form\u00e9 contre un arr\u00eat de la Cour d’appel de Rabat du 20 mai 1959.<\/p>\n

\n

La Cour,<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

S<\/b>UR LE PREMIER MOYEN<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Attendu qu’il r\u00e9sulte du dossier de la proc\u00e9dure et des \u00e9nonciations de l’arr\u00eat attaqu\u00e9 (Rabat 20 mai 1959) que Le Chevallier alors directeur de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de Transaction Automobile (SOGETRAN) avait vendu \u00e0 un tiers sa voiture automobile personnelle apr\u00e8s l’avoir fait r\u00e9parer dans les ateliers de la SOGETRAN \u00e0 laquelle il avait pay\u00e9 les frais de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 une convention intervenue entre eux en 1950 ;<\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

Que l\u2019acheteur, qui se plaignait du mauvais fonctionnement de la voiture, ayant assign\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois la SOGETRAN et Le Chevallier en paiement de dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une expertise qu\u2019il avait provoqu\u00e9e et qui avait \u00e9tabli que le moteur avait \u00e9t\u00e9 mont\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9fectueuse par les ouvriers de la SOGETRAN, le tribunal, puis la Cour d\u2019appel, avaient condamn\u00e9 la SOGETRAN seul, au motif que \u00abdans ses rapports avec l\u2019acheteur Le Chevallier avait agi comme repr\u00e9sentant de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et non en son nom personnel\u00bb ;<\/p>\n

\n

Qu’\u00e0 la suite de ce litige, la SOGETRAN a form\u00e9 une action r\u00e9cursoire contre Le Chevallier en produisant une d\u00e9claration qu’il lui avait remise le 4 juillet 1952 et dans laquelle il avait reconnu \u00abqu’elle n’\u00e9tait en aucune fa\u00e7on responsable des suites de la vente dont il prenait la pleine et enti\u00e8re responsabilit\u00e9\u00bb ;<\/p>\n

\n

Attendu que le pourvoi fait grief \u00e0 l’arr\u00eat attaqu\u00e9, par lequel, infirmant la d\u00e9cision des premiers juges, la Cour d’appel a d\u00e9bout\u00e9 la SOGETRAN de sa demande, d’avoir d\u00e9natur\u00e9 la convention de 1950 et viol\u00e9 par fausse application les articles 723 et 767 du dahir des obligations et contrats en consid\u00e9rant qu’elle avait r\u00e9par\u00e9 la voiture de Le Chevallier en vertu d’un contrat de louage d’ouvrage qui l’obligeait \u00e0 garantie, alors qu’il ne peut y avoir louage d’ouvrage que si un prix a \u00e9t\u00e9 stipul\u00e9, que la convention de 1950 stipulait seulement le remboursement des frais de main-d\u2019\u0153uvre, que la SOGETRAN n’avait per\u00e7u aucun b\u00e9n\u00e9fice et que le seul remboursement des frais ne constitue pas un prix ;<\/p>\n

\n

Mais attendu qu\u2019en admettant qu\u2019ainsi qu\u2019elle le pr\u00e9tend, la SOGETRAN ait consenti des avantages particuliers \u00e0 son directeur, le service qu\u2019elle lui a rendu n\u2019\u00e9tait pas gratuit, et qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019obligation qui incombait \u00e0 Le Chevallier, ma\u00eetre de l\u2019ouvrage, de le r\u00e9mun\u00e9rer aux conditions fix\u00e9es par elle, correspondait n\u00e9cessairement pour elle, en sa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019entrepreneur de r\u00e9parations, celle de garantir les d\u00e9fauts et les vices de son ouvrage ;<\/p>\n

\n

Qu’il suit de l\u00e0 qu’en statuant ainsi qu’elle l’a fait, la Cour d’appel n’a pas d\u00e9natur\u00e9 la convention des parties et, loin de violer les textes vis\u00e9s au moyen, en a fait, au contraire, une exacte application ;<\/p>\n

\n

Que le moyen doit, en cons\u00e9quence, \u00eatre rejet\u00e9 ;<\/p>\n

\n

SUR LE SECOND MOYEN, PRIS EN SES DEUX BRANCHES:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Attendu qu\u2019il est encore reproch\u00e9 \u00e0 la Cour d\u2019appel d\u2019avoir, en violation des dispositions de l\u2019article 739 du dahir des obligations et contrats, estim\u00e9 que la SOGETRAN \u00e9tait responsable des travaux ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s par ses pr\u00e9pos\u00e9s, alors d\u2019une part que ces travaux \u00e9taient dirig\u00e9s par Le Chevallier lui-m\u00eame qui devait donc r\u00e9pondre de sa propre imp\u00e9ritie, et d\u2019autre part que Le Chevallier s\u2019\u00e9tait reconnu responsable dans sa d\u00e9claration du 4 juillet 1952 ;<\/p>\n

\n

Mais attendu que Le Chevallier nie avoir jamais eu la direction ou la responsabilit\u00e9 des r\u00e9parations \u00abqui \u00e9chappaient \u00e0 sa comp\u00e9tence\u00bb et que les juges du fond n’ont pas eu \u00e0 examiner Si sa responsabilit\u00e9 pouvait \u00eatre engag\u00e9e en raison de ses attributions, celles\u2013ci, sur la nature desquelles aucune pr\u00e9cision ne leur a \u00e9t\u00e9 fournie, n’ayant donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 aucune discussion en premi\u00e8re instance ni en appel ;<\/p>\n

\n

Que, pris en sa premi\u00e8re branche, le moyen, m\u00e9lang\u00e9 de fait et de droit, est nouveau et en cons\u00e9quence non recevable ;<\/p>\n

\n

Attendu, d\u2019autre part, que la Cour d\u2019appel, appr\u00e9ciant souverainement \u00e0 la fois l\u2019intention des parties, le sens et la port\u00e9e de la d\u00e9claration du 4 juillet 1952 sur laquelle les parties \u00e9taient en d\u00e9saccord, a, par application des dispositions de l\u2019article 473 du dahir des obligations et contrats, adopt\u00e9 la th\u00e8se soutenue par Le Chevalier et selon laquelle en signant cette d\u00e9claration \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 les causes du mauvais fonctionnement de la voiture \u00e9taient inconnues, l\u2019expertise n\u2019ayant pas encore eu lieu, il n\u2019avait renonc\u00e9 ni explicitement ni implicitement \u00e0 se pr\u00e9valoir \u00e9ventuellement des dispositions de l\u2019article 767, ni \u00e0 exon\u00e9rer la SOGETRAN de la garantie qu\u2019elle lui devait pour le cas o\u00f9 elle aurait commis une faute dans l\u2019ex\u00e9cution de son ouvrage ;<\/p>\n

\n

PAR CES MOTIFS<\/p>\n

\n

Rejette le pourvoi.<\/p>\n

\n

Pr\u00e9sident<\/i>: M Mazoyer-Rapporteur:<\/i> M Zamouth-Avocat<\/i> g\u00e9n\u00e9ral:<\/i> M Bocquet-Avocats:<\/i> MM Braudo\u2013Coudon, Lacombe.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0115-61\/62 \u00a0 28 f\u00e9vrier 1962 arr\u00eat \u00a03938 \u00a0principe \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\u00b01\u00b0Le contrat par lequel une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 s\u2019engage \u00e0 r\u00e9parer une voiture automobile moyennant une r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration correspondant seulement au co\u00fbt de la main d\u2019\u0153uvre, est un contrat de louage d\u2019ouvrage comportant pour le locateur une obligation de garantie des vices et des d\u00e9fauts de son ouvrage. \u00a0 … <\/p>\n

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